Profit and Loss – Easy Method, All Formulas & Free Quiz (Class 10)

Profit and Loss is one of the most important chapters in Maths. Many students find this chapter confusing, but if you learn the formulas and practice regularly, you can solve questions easily.

1. Basic Terms

• Cost Price (CP): Price at which an article is bought.
• Selling Price (SP): Price at which an article is sold.
• Profit: When SP > CP
• Loss: When SP < CP

2. Important Formulas

• Profit = SP − CP
• Loss = CP − SP
• Profit % = (Profit / CP) × 100
• Loss % = (Loss / CP) × 100
• SP = CP × (1 + Profit% / 100)
• SP = CP × (1 − Loss% / 100)

3. Easy Method (Trick)

If Profit = 20%, then SP = 120% of CP. If Loss = 10%, then SP = 90% of CP.

4. Example

A shopkeeper buys an article for ₹100 and sells it for ₹120. Profit = 120 − 100 = ₹20 Profit % = (20 / 100) × 100 = 20%

5. Practice with Free Quiz

Now try the quiz below to test your understanding of Profit & Loss.

More Practice: Try our free mock tests for Maths, Science and English.